« Alphabets » : différence entre les versions
Aucun résumé des modifications |
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(2 versions intermédiaires par le même utilisateur non affichées) | |||
Ligne 17 : | Ligne 17 : | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Image:phenicien_a.png|Aleph]] | | [[Image:phenicien_a.png|Aleph]] | ||
| [[Aleph | | [[Aleph|ʾāleph]] | ||
| bœuf | | bœuf | ||
| | | | ||
Ligne 24 : | Ligne 24 : | ||
| ﺍ | | ﺍ | ||
| [[Α]]α | | [[Α]]α | ||
| [[A | | [[A|Aa]] | ||
| [[А]]а | | [[А]]а | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Image:phenicien_b.png|Beth]] | | [[Image:phenicien_b.png|Beth]] | ||
| [[Beth | | [[Beth|bēth]] | ||
| maison | | maison | ||
| b | | b | ||
Ligne 35 : | Ligne 35 : | ||
| ﺏ | | ﺏ | ||
| [[Β]]β | | [[Β]]β | ||
| [[B | | [[B|Bb]] | ||
| [[Б]]б, [[В]]в | | [[Б]]б, [[В]]в | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Image:phenicien_g.png|Gimel]] | | [[Image:phenicien_g.png|Gimel]] | ||
| [[gimel | | [[gimel|gīmel]] | ||
| chameau | | chameau | ||
| g | | g | ||
Ligne 46 : | Ligne 46 : | ||
| ﺝ | | ﺝ | ||
| [[Γ]]γ | | [[Γ]]γ | ||
| [[C | | [[C|Cc]], [[G|Gg]] | ||
| [[Г]]г | | [[Г]]г | ||
|- | |- | ||
Ligne 57 : | Ligne 57 : | ||
| ﺩ | | ﺩ | ||
| [[Δ]]δ | | [[Δ]]δ | ||
| [[D | | [[D|Dd]] | ||
| [[Д]]д | | [[Д]]д | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Image:phenicien_h.png|He]] | | [[Image:phenicien_h.png|He]] | ||
| [[He | | [[He|hē]] | ||
| battant | | battant | ||
| h | | h | ||
Ligne 68 : | Ligne 68 : | ||
| ﮬ | | ﮬ | ||
| [[Ε]]ε | | [[Ε]]ε | ||
| [[E | | [[E|Ee]] | ||
| [[Е]]е, [[Є]]є | | [[Е]]е, [[Є]]є | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Image:phenicien_w.png|Waw]] | | [[Image:phenicien_w.png|Waw]] | ||
| [[Vav | | [[Vav|wāw]] | ||
| hameçon | | hameçon | ||
| w | | w | ||
Ligne 79 : | Ligne 79 : | ||
| ﻭ | | ﻭ | ||
| ([[Ϝ]]ϝ), [[Υ]]υ | | ([[Ϝ]]ϝ), [[Υ]]υ | ||
| [[F | | [[F|Ff]], [[U|Uu]], [[V|Vv]], [[W|Ww]], [[Y|Yy]] | ||
| [[У]]у | | [[У]]у | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Image:phenicien_z.png|Zayin]] | | [[Image:phenicien_z.png|Zayin]] | ||
| [[Zayin | | [[Zayin|zayin]] | ||
| arme | | arme | ||
| z | | z | ||
Ligne 90 : | Ligne 90 : | ||
| ﺯ | | ﺯ | ||
| [[Ζ]]ζ | | [[Ζ]]ζ | ||
| [[Z | | [[Z|Zz]] | ||
| [[З]]з | | [[З]]з | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Image:phenicien_hh.png|Heth]] | | [[Image:phenicien_hh.png|Heth]] | ||
| [[Het | | [[Het|ḥēth]] | ||
| barrière | | barrière | ||
| ḥ | | ḥ | ||
Ligne 101 : | Ligne 101 : | ||
| ﺡ | | ﺡ | ||
| [[Η]]η | | [[Η]]η | ||
| [[H | | [[H|Hh]] | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Image:phenicien_tt.png|Teth]] | | [[Image:phenicien_tt.png|Teth]] | ||
| [[Tet | | [[Tet|ṭēth]] | ||
| roue | | roue | ||
| ṭ | | ṭ | ||
Ligne 116 : | Ligne 116 : | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Image:phenicien_y.png|Yodh]] | | [[Image:phenicien_y.png|Yodh]] | ||
| [[Yod | | [[Yod|yōdh]] | ||
| bras | | bras | ||
| y | | y | ||
Ligne 123 : | Ligne 123 : | ||
| ﻱ | | ﻱ | ||
| [[Ι]]ι | | [[Ι]]ι | ||
| [[I | | [[I|Ii]], [[J|Jj]] | ||
| [[И]]и, [[Й]]й | | [[И]]и, [[Й]]й | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Image:phenicien_k.png|Kaph]] | | [[Image:phenicien_k.png|Kaph]] | ||
| [[Kaf | | [[Kaf|kaph]] | ||
| paume | | paume | ||
| k | | k | ||
Ligne 134 : | Ligne 134 : | ||
| ﻙ | | ﻙ | ||
| [[Κ]]κ | | [[Κ]]κ | ||
| [[K | | [[K|Kk]] | ||
| [[К]]к | | [[К]]к | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Image:phenicien_l.png|Lamedh]] | | [[Image:phenicien_l.png|Lamedh]] | ||
| [[Lamed | | [[Lamed|lāmedh]] | ||
| bâton | | bâton | ||
| l | | l | ||
Ligne 145 : | Ligne 145 : | ||
| ﻝ | | ﻝ | ||
| [[Λ]]λ | | [[Λ]]λ | ||
| [[L | | [[L|Ll]] | ||
| [[Л]]л | | [[Л]]л | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Image:phenicien_m.png|Mem]] | | [[Image:phenicien_m.png|Mem]] | ||
| [[Mem | | [[Mem|mēm]] | ||
| eau | | eau | ||
| m | | m | ||
Ligne 156 : | Ligne 156 : | ||
| ﻡ | | ﻡ | ||
| [[Μ]]μ | | [[Μ]]μ | ||
| [[M | | [[M|Mm]] | ||
| [[М]]м | | [[М]]м | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Image:phenicien_n.png|Nun]] | | [[Image:phenicien_n.png|Nun]] | ||
| [[Nun | | [[Nun|nun]] | ||
| pilier | | pilier | ||
| n | | n | ||
Ligne 167 : | Ligne 167 : | ||
| ﻥ | | ﻥ | ||
| [[Ν]]ν | | [[Ν]]ν | ||
| [[N | | [[N|Nn]] | ||
| [[Н]]н | | [[Н]]н | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Image:phenicien_s.png|Samekh]] | | [[Image:phenicien_s.png|Samekh]] | ||
| [[Samech | | [[Samech|sāmekh]] | ||
| poisson | | poisson | ||
| s | | s | ||
Ligne 178 : | Ligne 178 : | ||
| س | | س | ||
| [[Ξ]]ξ, [[σ]], [[Χ]]χ | | [[Ξ]]ξ, [[σ]], [[Χ]]χ | ||
| [[X | | [[X|Xx]] | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Image:phoenician ayin.png|30px|Ayin]] | | [[Image:phoenician ayin.png|30px|Ayin]] | ||
| [[Ayin | | [[Ayin|ʿayin]] | ||
| œil | | œil | ||
| ʿ | | ʿ | ||
Ligne 189 : | Ligne 189 : | ||
| ﻉ | | ﻉ | ||
| [[Ο]]ο | | [[Ο]]ο | ||
| [[O | | [[O|O]]o | ||
| [[О]]о | | [[О]]о | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Image:phenicien_p.png|Pe]] | | [[Image:phenicien_p.png|Pe]] | ||
| [[ | | [[Phé|pē]] | ||
| bouche | | bouche | ||
| p | | p | ||
Ligne 200 : | Ligne 200 : | ||
| ﻑ | | ﻑ | ||
| [[Π]]π | | [[Π]]π | ||
| [[P | | [[P|P]]p | ||
| [[П]]п | | [[П]]п | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Image:phenicien_ss.png|Sade]] | | [[Image:phenicien_ss.png|Sade]] | ||
| [[Tsade | | [[Tsade|ṣādē]] | ||
| papyrus | | papyrus | ||
| ṣ | | ṣ | ||
Ligne 215 : | Ligne 215 : | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Image:phenicien_q.png|Qoph]] | | [[Image:phenicien_q.png|Qoph]] | ||
| [[Qof | | [[Qof|qōph]] | ||
| singe | | singe | ||
| q | | q | ||
Ligne 222 : | Ligne 222 : | ||
| ﻕ | | ﻕ | ||
| ([[Ϙ]]ϙ) | | ([[Ϙ]]ϙ) | ||
| [[Q | | [[Q|Qq]] | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Image:phenicien_r.png|Res]] | | [[Image:phenicien_r.png|Res]] | ||
| [[Resh | | [[Resh|rēš]] | ||
| tête | | tête | ||
| r | | r | ||
Ligne 233 : | Ligne 233 : | ||
| ﺭ | | ﺭ | ||
| [[Ρ]]ρ | | [[Ρ]]ρ | ||
| [[R | | [[R|Rr]] | ||
| [[Р]]р | | [[Р]]р | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Image:phenicien_sh.png|Sin]] | | [[Image:phenicien_sh.png|Sin]] | ||
| [[Shin | | [[Shin|šin]] | ||
| dent | | dent | ||
| š | | š | ||
Ligne 244 : | Ligne 244 : | ||
| ش | | ش | ||
| [[Σ]] | | [[Σ]] | ||
| [[S | | [[S|Ss]] | ||
| [[С]]с, [[Ш]]ш | | [[С]]с, [[Ш]]ш | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Image:phenicien_t.png|Taw]] | | [[Image:phenicien_t.png|Taw]] | ||
| [[Tav | | [[Tav|tāw]] | ||
| marque | | marque | ||
| t | | t | ||
Ligne 255 : | Ligne 255 : | ||
| ﺕ | | ﺕ | ||
| [[Τ]]τ | | [[Τ]]τ | ||
| [[T | | [[T|Tt]] | ||
| [[Т]]т | | [[Т]]т | ||
|} | |} | ||
Ligne 261 : | Ligne 261 : | ||
== Voir aussi == | == Voir aussi == | ||
* [[Lettres ( | * [[Lettres (hébreu)]] | ||
* [[Lettres (latin)]] | * [[Lettres (latin)]] | ||
* [[Lettres (grec)]] | * [[Lettres (grec)]] |
Dernière version du 3 mars 2009 à 18:27
A partir de l'alphabet phénicien, on découvre l'évolution des graphismes débouchant sur d'autres alphabets contemporains du monde occidental :
Lettre | Nom | Signification | Translittération | Valeur | Lettre correspondante en | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hébreu | Arabe | Grec | Latin | Cyrillique | |||||
ʾāleph | bœuf | /ʔ/ | א | ﺍ | Αα | Aa | Аа | ||
bēth | maison | b | /b/ | ב | ﺏ | Ββ | Bb | Бб, Вв | |
gīmel | chameau | g | /g/ | ג | ﺝ | Γγ | Cc, Gg | Гг | |
dāleth | porte | d | /d/ | ד | ﺩ | Δδ | Dd | Дд | |
hē | battant | h | /h/ | ה | ﮬ | Εε | Ee | Ее, Єє | |
wāw | hameçon | w | /w/ | ו | ﻭ | (Ϝϝ), Υυ | Ff, Uu, Vv, Ww, Yy | Уу | |
zayin | arme | z | /z/ | ז | ﺯ | Ζζ | Zz | Зз | |
ḥēth | barrière | ḥ | /ħ/ | ח | ﺡ | Ηη | Hh | ||
ṭēth | roue | ṭ | /tʼ/ | ט | ﻁ | Θθ | Ѳѳ, Фф | ||
yōdh | bras | y | /j/ | י | ﻱ | Ιι | Ii, Jj | Ии, Йй | |
kaph | paume | k | /k/ | כ | ﻙ | Κκ | Kk | Кк | |
lāmedh | bâton | l | /l/ | ל | ﻝ | Λλ | Ll | Лл | |
mēm | eau | m | /m/ | מ | ﻡ | Μμ | Mm | Мм | |
nun | pilier | n | /n/ | נ | ﻥ | Νν | Nn | Нн | |
sāmekh | poisson | s | /s/ | ס | س | Ξξ, σ, Χχ | Xx | ||
ʿayin | œil | ʿ | /ʕ/ | ע | ﻉ | Οο | Oo | Оо | |
pē | bouche | p | /p/ | פ | ﻑ | Ππ | Pp | Пп | |
ṣādē | papyrus | ṣ | /sʼ/ | צ | ﺹ | (Ϡϡ) | Цц, Чч | ||
qōph | singe | q | /q/ | ק | ﻕ | (Ϙϙ) | |||
rēš | tête | r | /r/ | ר | ﺭ | Ρρ | Rr | Рр | |
šin | dent | š | /ʃ/ | ש | ش | Σ | Ss | Сс, Шш | |
tāw | marque | t | /t/ | ת | ﺕ | Ττ | Tt | Тт |